This report focuses on the latest technology and know-how of four main drivers of refinery carbon management strategy: (1) energy efficiency improvement; (2) cogeneration (combined heat and power, and integrated gasification combined cycle); (3) electricity from renewable sources; and (4) carbon capture and sequestration/storage.

Primary sources of information for this report include direct input from refiners and technology holders; extensive literature searches and evaluations; in-depth patent reviews and analyses; and technology and business strategy assessments by experienced practitioners. The study also offers a unique feature that examines key climate change strategies and policies by many oil companies around the world, based on our recent direct survey of refiners and comprehensive analyses of their positions as released to the media and presented in annual reports.

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